Bronchitis

Bronchitis

Type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Inflammation of tracheobronchial tree and excessive production of mucous  cough; are usually associated with an upper respiratory tract infection and smoking (probably in those genetically predisposed).

Acute: short term; recover in several days; mostly viral
Chronic: longer lasting; caused by a constant irritation like smoking; associated with COPD

Clinical features – cough; may have sputum

DDx: asthma; COPD; GERD; heart failure; pulmonary embolism

Complications – cor pulmonale, pulmonary hypertension, right ventricular hypertrophy, acute respiratory failure

Treatment – stop smoking; avoid air pollutants; antibiotics (if recurrent infections); bronchodilators; chest physiotherapy; nebuliser treatments; corticosteroids

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