Exercise and Pregnancy
Normal pregnancy should not be a contraindication to sports activity and is generally beneficial. Research has demonstrated marked benefits for the mother and foetus . Those exercising during pregnancy need to take extra precautions to avoid exercising in higher temperatures and ensure adequate hydration. There are a number of theoretical risks not supported by evidence – these can include a greater risk of injury (eg back pain), hyperthermia risk to foetus, premature labor, reduced uterine blood flow, microtrauma to foetus and changes in foetal heart rate. There are medical complications during pregnancy in which physical activity may increase risk for complications.
Maternal benefits may include – improved cardiovascular function, decreased back problems, limited weight gain, improved attitude and mental state, better sleep, easier and less complicated labour, decreased risk for varicose veins, quicker recovery and improved fitness.
Foetal benefits may include – decreased growth of fat organ, improved stress tolerance and advanced neurobehavioural maturation. At five years of age offspring are leaner and have a slightly better neurodevelopmental outcome .
http://sph.sagepub.com/content/7/2/172.abstract
https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/early/2018/09/18/bjsports-2018-099447?rss=1
http://sph.sagepub.com/content/7/6/527.abstract
https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/52/21/1339
https://blogs.bmj.com/bjsm/2019/07/11/is-it-safe-to-exercise-during-pregnancy/
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