Exertional Compartment Syndromes (ECS)
Due to increased pressure in compartments of leg.
Intense exercise or trauma expansion of muscle becomes compressed in muscle sheath may be problematic if sheath is tight intracompartmental pressure increase if neurovascular structures are compressed medical emergency (acute compartment syndrome).
Chronic compartment syndrome:
Chronic form is exercise induced that recurs with exercise, but symptoms are relieved with rest (not a medical emergency). Pathogenesis is an impairment in tissue perfusion. Aetiology is unclear – may be due to a decrease in volume of the muscle compartment (tight and/or thick fascia); increased content of the compartment (muscle hypertrophy or swelling).
Arteriovenous gradient theory:
Increase in tissue pressure increase in local venous pressure reduction in local AV gradient reduced local blood flow and tissue oxygenation tissue viability affected.
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