Nephrotic syndrome
Follows substantial loss of protein in urine
Aetiology:
Diabetic nephropathy; glomerulonephritis; amyloidosis
Clinical features:
Gradual onset of peripheral oedema – also swelling of eyelids; froth in urine from protein;
Complications of nephrotic syndrome:
• oedema – mostly in lower limb (due to sodium retention, hypoalbuminaemia)
• hypercoaguability (may be due to renal loss of inhibitors of coagulation)
• hypercholesterolaemia
• infection
• thromboembolism
Management:
Identify and treat cause; symptomatic relief; prevention of complications; fluid restriction; salt restricted diet; frusemide
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