Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT):
multicentre randomised controlled trial of 1441 type 1 subjects; 29 centres in USA and Canada over 7 years mean age of subjects was 26 years
landmark study that showed, beyond doubt, that good glycaemic control plays an important role in the prevention of complications
compared conventional treatment (once or twice daily insulin injections with daily blood glucose tests) to intensive control (3-4 insulin injections a day with more frequent blood glucose monitoring)
found intensive/strict control of glycaemic level reduced the risk for retinopathy by 76%; nephropathy 50%; and neuropathy 60% compared to those with conventional control; also delayed onset of complication
weight gain was more common and more hypoglycaemic episodes (3x>) occurred in the intensely controlled group – but no increase in deaths, or cardiac or neurological events.
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