Thiazide diuretics/benzothiazides:
• eg hydrochlorothiazide, metolazone, bendrofluazide, indapamide, chlorothiazide
• produce diuretic effect by blocking reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- in the first part or segment of the distal convoluted tubule – the loss of these ions increased urine volume
• less effective than high ceiling or loop diuretics as only 10% of sodium is filtered at the site of action of thiazide diuretics
• indicated for hypertension (drug of choice), oedema, diabetes insipidus
• contraindication – sensitivity to sulfonamides
• adverse effects – hypokalaemia, hyperglycaemia, arrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, weakness, muscle cramps
• NSAID’s may reduce response to thiazide diuretics
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