Wikis > Paediatrics > Abnormal Gaits > Torsional Problems of the Lower Limb > Internal tibial torsion
Internal tibial torsion
Tibial torsion can not be evaluated clinically, so the malleolar position is used as a surrogate. The malleoli are normally rotated externally 18-25° in adults when the femoral condyles are in the frontal plane and the knee fully extended – usually 0-5° at birth
May be associated with a femoral anteversion.
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