Resting membrane potential/polarised state:
A resting neuron has a resting membrane potential of –70mV, with the inside being negative – this is due to differences in the sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ion concentration inside and outside the cell
The difference is due to:
• greater permeability of the membrane to potassium than to sodium
• sodium-potassium pump removes 3Na+ from cell for each 2K+ that is transported into cell
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